Molecular Markers in Embryo Non-Development: Analysis of Gene Expressions (Ki-67, hTERT, HIF-1α) in Spent Embryo Culture Medium

Abstract

An embryo culture medium is a specialized set of ambient conditions, technological equipment, and nutrients that embryos require to grow properly. We aimed to investigate the Ki-67, hTERT, and HIF-1 alpha; gene expression differences between developing and non-developing embryos in spent embryo culture medium. Ki-67, hTERT, and HIF-1 alpha; gene expressions were determined from the spent embryo culture medium containing developing and non-developing embryos of 20 normoresponder patients admitted to the Bahceci Umut IVF Center. An increase in hTERT gene expression (p < 0.05) and a decrease in HIF-1 alpha; gene expression (p < 0.001) were observed in mediums of developing compared to the non-developing embryos. No difference was observed in Ki-67 gene expression (p > 0.05). While there was a correlation between Ki-67 and HIF-1 alpha; genes in the non-growing group (r < 0.01); no correlation was observed in the developing group (r > 0.05). Both normoresponder groups will be similar in terms of proliferation rate. The low HIF-1 alpha; expression that observed high telomerase activity in embryo development maintains continuity and avoids mechanisms that result in cell death. A molecular study of the embryo development in patients with similar characteristics may help to understand the pathogenesis of the disease and establish a diagnosis and specific treatment.