Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Effect of Different Types of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

Abstract

Objective: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been used as a filling material in endodontic procedures over decades. The newer formulations of MTA were launched in the dental market and their cytotoxic, proliferative and antimicrobial effects need to be revealed. This study compared the possible cytotoxic and proliferative effects on fibroblasts and the antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Enterococcus faecalis of four different MTAs in the dental market. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity assay was performed on 3T3 fibroblast cell lines were determined using yellow tetrazolium 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, while the antimicrobial activity was tested with the broth microdilution method. Results: RetroMTA, AngelusMTA, and NeoMTA demonstrated a proliferative effect on 3T3 cells, suggesting induction in tissue repair. Moreover, NeoMTA showed the highest antimicrobial activity against all strains tested. Conclusion: According to our study, NeoMTA and RetroMTA may be recommended for clinical applications in comparison with the conventional AngelusMTA.